Risk factors of implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infections in cancer patients:a Meta-analysis / 中国实用护理杂志

Objective:To systematically evaluate the risk factors of implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infections and provide basis for prevention of catheter-related bloodstream infection in tumor patients.Methods:The Cochrane Library, PubMed, EMBASE, Web of science, CNKI, Wanfang database, VIP database, CBM, Chinese and English Clinical trials Registry (ChiCTR) were searched to collect the literature on risk factors for implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infections in tumor patients from the establishment of the database to April 2022. Two evaluators independently screened and extracted the obtained literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and used the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale for quality evaluation. Meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 software and Stata SE/MP(14.0 version).Results:A total of 13 studies were included, including 23 related risk factors. Among them, prolonged use of catheters, palliative treatment, hematological tumors, neutropenia, hospitalized patients, and chemotherapy were risk factors for implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infections in tumor patients, with statistically significant differences ( OR values ranging from 0.26 to 8.77, all P<0.05). Conclusions:The long time of catheter use, palliative treatment, hematological tumor, neutropenia and chemotherapy were the risk factors of implantable venous access port-related bloodstream infection in patients with tumor, Medical personnel should make a good assessment and strengthen health education to minimize the chances of infection and effectively reduce the incidence of infection related to the infusion port.

Research progress of cancer-associated fibroblasts in tumor radiotherapy resistance / 国际肿瘤学杂志

Cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) is considered as a key factor for the severely limited efficacy in tumor radiotherapy. CAFs, as the primary stromal cells in the tumor microenvironment, can lead to tumor radiotherapy resistance by secreting a series of pro-tumor cytokines and nutrients, inhibiting anti-tumor immune response and remodeling extracellular matrix. Some progress has been made in the study of targeted CAFs sensitization radiotherapy, but the relevant study system is still imperfect. Therefore, a systematic exploration of the role of CAFs in tumor radiotherapy resistance and CAFs targeted therapy strategies can provide a basis for improving the current status of tumor radiotherapy resistance.

Whole-course management strategies for gastroesophageal reflux disease: an evidence mapping study based on clinical practice guidelines / 中华胃肠外科杂志

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common digestive diseases with high incidence, complicated clinical symptoms, difficulties in standard treatment, and heavy medical burden. At present, some GERD-relevant clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) have been issued by different countries and academic organizations, but some recommendations were inconsistent, which has caused some problems for the current clinical whole-course management of GERD. To summarize the relevant evidence among the CPGs on GERD and formulate the whole- course management strategies, we included GERD-relevant CPGs published or updated after 2010 by searching websites of guidelines, relevant professional societies, and electronic databases. We extracted the recommendations and summarized the evidence from the aspects of symptoms, epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment, which was presented in the form of evidence mapping. We included 24 CPGs, including three in Chinese and 21 in English. The clinical practice management strategies of GERD were formulated based on the evidence from the aspects of clinical symptoms, diagnostic methods, medical treatment, anti-reflux surgery and endoscopic treatment, psychological treatment, and traditional Chinese medicine treatment.

Clinical features and treatment status of adolescent patients with bipolar disorder / 四川精神卫生

BackgroundGender and age differences in the clinical manifestations of patients with bipolar disorder can affect the clinical diagnosis and treatment process. The current treatment effect of bipolar disorder in adolescents is not ideal， which has become the main reason for disability during the learning period. ObjectiveTo analyze the clinical features and medication therapy status of bipolar disorder in adolescents， and to provide references to support for personalized diagnosis and treatment. MethodsOn January 16， 2023， 1 169 patients with bipolar disorder who were hospitalized at Beijing Anding Hospital Affiliated Capital Medical University from January 1， 2014 to December 31， 2017 were retrospectively enrolled. Medical records were collected and analyzed to compare the clinical features among patients of different gender and age groups， and to explore the differences in medication use among patients of different genders in different types of seizures. ResultsMale patients reported a larger proportion of manic episodes， and a smaller proportion of depressive episodes than female patients （P<0.05）.Female patients reported a larger proportion of non-suicidal self-harm behaviors than male patients （χ2=7.761， P<0.01）.And patients in low-age group featured a larger proportion of mixed seizures， impulsive behaviors and family history of bipolar disorders along with a smaller proportion of manic episodes than those in high-age group （P<0.05 or 0.01）. High-age group had a longer average length of hospital stay than low-age group （t=-2.930， P<0.01）. In manic episode patients， males were found to have a larger proportion of valproate and atypical antipsychotic drug administration than females （P<0.01）. Among atypical antipsychotic drugs， males accounted for a larger proportion of administration of risperidone and olanzapine （χ2=26.957） than females （P<0.05 or 0.01）， while females constituted a larger proportion of administration of quetiapine （χ2=14.865） and aripiprazole than males （P<0.01）. In depressive episode patients， females had a larger proportion of administration of olanzapine than males （P<0.01）. In patients with mixed seizures， females occupied a larger proportion of administration of lithium carbonate than males （χ2=9.253， P<0.01）， and males exhibited a larger proportion of administration of valproate than females （P<0.05）. ConclusionDifferences have been shown in diagnostic classification and concomitant symptoms among adolescent bipolar disorder of different genders and ages. Furthermore， medications of lithium carbonate， valproate， atypical antipsychotic and other drugs differ by gender among adolescents of different subtypes of bipolar disorder. ［Funded by Key Special Project of the National Key R&D Program of the Ministry of Science and Technology for "Major Chronic Non communicable Disease Prevention and Control Research" （number， 2017YFC1311101）］

Evaluation of right ventricular function using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography and analysis of the risk factors for right ventricular dysfunction in patients with silicosis / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To evaluate the right ventricular function using two-dimensional speckle tracking echocardiography (2-D STE) and analyze the associated risk factors of right ventricular dysfunction in patients with silicosis. Methods: All 104 patients with silicosis treated in the Department of Occupational Medicine and Toxicology in Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University from May 2021 to September 2022 were enrolled in this study in October 2022. The clinical information of patients such as general data, arterial blood gas analysis and pulmonary function test were collected. The right ventricular function of patients was evaluated by 2-D STE-derived right ventricular free wall longitudinal strain (RVFWLS) and conventional echocardiographic-derived parameters, including right ventricular fractional area change (RVFAC), tricuspid annular plane systolic excursion (TAPSE) and doppler tissue imaging-derived tricuspid lateral annular systolic velocity (S'), respectively. Based on their RVFWLS, the patients were divided into right ventricular dysfunction group and normal right ventricular function group. Risk factors for right ventricular dysfunction in patients with silicosis were analyzed using binary logistic regression analysis. Results: A total of 104 silicosis patients were enrolled, with aneverage age (65.52±11.18) years old, among whom including 57 cases diagnosed with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ silicosis and 47 cases diagnosed with stage Ⅲ silicosis. 26 (25.00%) patients concurrent right ventricular dysfunction. The abnormal rates of RVFAC, TAPSE and S' in patients were 16.35% (17 cases), 21.15% (22 cases) and 6.73% (7 cases), respectively. The RVFAC and TAPSE in right ventricular dysfunction group were lower than those in normal right ventricular function group, and the incidence of pulmonary arterial systolic pressure ≥36 mmHg was higher than that in normal right ventricular function group (P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that arterial partial pressure of oxygen (OR=0.932, 95%CI: 0.885-0.981, P=0.007) was the protective factor, and the forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV(1)) /forced vital capacity (FVC) ratio<70% (OR=5.484, 95%CI: 1.049-28.662, P=0.044) and stage Ⅲ silicosis (OR=6.343, 95%CI: 1.698-23.697, P=0.007) were the risk factors for silicosis patients concurrent right ventricular dysfunction. Conclusion: The incidence of right ventricular dysfunction is higher in patients with stage Ⅲ silicosis than that in patients with stage Ⅰ/Ⅱ silicosis. Using 2-D STE can help the early detection of silicosis with right ventricular dysfunction. Hypoxemia, airflow limitation and the stage Ⅲ silicosis are the risk factors for silicosis patients concurrent right ventricular dysfunction.

A summary on surveillance system of occupational disease under the framework of National Health Insurance Informatization Project / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

The surveillance of occupational disease has entered a new stage ofdevelopment, with the implementation of the national health informatization project. To improve the efficiency and quality of occupational disease monitoring information reporting in this paper, the system architecture and related management regulations, as long as the major changes and achievement of "surveillance system of occupational disease and health hazards information" under the framework of National Health Insurance Informatization Project were elaborated. The deficiencies existing in the system were analyzed, and expectation for the construction of the occupational disease surveillance system was addressed.

Investigation and analysis of late reporting and under-reporting of occupational diseases from 2018 to 2020 in China / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To understand the late reporting and the under-reporting of occupational disease from 2018 to 2020 in China and analyze the causes, so as to provide scientific evidence for improving the quality of occupational disease reports in China, timely acquiring the incidence of occupational disease, and assessing the occupational hazards. Methods: From May to December 2021, A total of 320 occupational disease diagnostic institutions were selected for investigation. The original documents of occupational disease diagnosis cases from 2018 to 2020 were compared with the online reported cases, and late reported and under-reported cases of occupational disease were analyzed. Results: A total of 32207 diagnosed cases from 2018 to 2020 were investigated, including 28934 confirmed cases and 3273 cases without occupational disease. The overall late reported rate and under-reported rate of confirmed cases were 20.2% and 2.1%, respectively. There were significant differences in the rate of late reporting and under-reporting of occupational diseases in different regions and different types of diagnostic institutions (P<0.001). The southwest region had the highest rates of late reporting and under-reporting, 61.6% and 7.9% respectively. The late reported rate of all kinds of occupational diseases was about 15.0%, and the under-reported rate was from 1.5.0% to 5.0%. Conclusion: At present, the phenomenon of late reporting and under-reporting occupational diseases is still obvious. It is necessary to strengthen the inspection of occupational disease reporting, improve the quality of occupational disease reporting, and provide scientific basis for the formulation of occupational disease prevention and control policies.

Analysis of dust and noise exposure levels in the mining industry from the national surveillance program in 2019 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To understand the exposure level of dust and noise in the mining industry and provide data support for revising policy for the prevention and control of occupational diseases. Methods: In May 2022, Data was collected through the National Surveillance Program for Occupational Hazards in the Workplace. Descriptive analysis was conducted for dust and noise levels by industry type and enterprise size from 7, 679 enterprises in the mining industry among 29 provincial regions nationwide. Results: The enterprises in the mining industry included in the National Surveillance Program for Occupational Hazards in the Workplace are mainly small and micro, accounting for 47.97% (3684/7679) and 30.00% (230/7679) respectively. The industry is mainly compred of employers in the non-metallic ming and beneficiation industry, accounting for 50.25% (3859/7679). Among the enterprises with silica dust, coal dust, and noise hazards, the proportion of enterprises where total dust concentration and noise intensity exceed the standard is higher than 50%. 30% of the posts are with an exposure level of silica dust, coal dust, and noise that exceeds the standard. The exceedance rate and the median of the time-weighted average concentration of total coal dust among large and medium-sized enterprises are higher than those among small and micro-sized enterprises (P<0.05) . Conclusion: The dust and noise hazards in the mining industry are lower than in the past in China, but more than 25% of workers are still at a high risk of occupational pneumoconiosis and noise deafness. Therefore, intervention and surveillance strategies should be strengthened in the future.

Analysis of the status of occupational disease prevention and control of enterprises in mining and manufacturing industries in China in 2019 / 中华劳动卫生职业病杂志

Objective: To analyze the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases among mining and manufacturing industries in China in 2019, provide the scientific basis for the formulation and revision of policies and standards of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods: In May 2022, Collecting data of a project named Surveillance of Occupational Hazards in the Workplace in 2019 through the National Surveillance System for Occupational Hazards in the workplace. Compare the status of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in 63 563 enterprises of mining and manufacturing industries among different dimensions. Results: The training rate of managers was 76.17% and that of occupational health managers was 76.97%. The rate of reporting of occupational diseases hazardous items was 67.58%, the rate of launching of the detection of occupational hazards was 57.16%, and the rate of launching of occupational health examination was 62.42%. Excluding the distribution rate of dust mask, the installation rate of various occupational prevention facilities and the distribution rate of gas mask and hearing protector were less than 80%. The differences in all the indicators among different areas, enterprise scales, economic types were statistically significant (P<0.05) . Conclusion: There are still some enterprises which are relatively weak in the ability of the prevention and treatment of occupational diseases in China. Measures such as special support, guidance and strengthen supervision should be taken towards those enterprises toimprove the awareness of prevention and treatment of occupational diseases and the level of that.

Effect of the varicella vaccination on the clinical characteristics of herpes zoster cases aged 20 years and under / 中华预防医学杂志

To discuss the effect of varicella vaccination on the clinical characteristics of herpes zoster (shingles) cases aged 20 years and under, and analyze its clinical features. Based on the Yichang Health Big Data Platform, a descriptive study was conducted to collect the information of cases aged 20 years and under in three medical institutions of Yichang Central People's Hospital, Yichang First People's Hospital and Yichang Second People's Hospital from March 2019 to September 2020. According to the history of varicella vaccine, cases were divided into vaccination group and non-vaccination group, and their clinical features and outcomes were compared. The results showed that 46 shingles cases, aged from 7 to 20 years old, were included in this study. 26 males (56.5%), 20 females (43.5%), 15 cases in vaccination group (32.6%) and 31 cases in non-vaccination group (67.4%). 28 cases had thoracic involvement, followed by lumbar (n=8), cranial (n=7) involvements and extremities (n=7). The spread of herpes skin area: 2 cases involved too large area, 21 cases of 10 cm×10 cm, 14 cases of 5 cm×5 cm, 9 cases of 1 cm×1 cm. Herpes number: 26 cases had 10-49 herpes, followed by <10 herpes (n=9), uncountable herpes (n=7) and 50-99 herpes (n=4). The clinical course[M(Q1,Q3)] lasted 20.5 (13.5,24.8) d averagely, 5 cases had postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) and 1 case had respiratory complications. Shingles decrustation time was significantly shorter in vaccination group (Z=-2.01, P<0.05), and there was no significant difference in other characteristics by vaccination. In conclusion, the number and spread of shingles in most children and adolescents are less, and the complications such as PHN are less. Varicella vaccination can reduce the decrustation time and relieve shingles cases with some clinical symptoms.

Analysis of the core knowledge level of chronic diseases in Chinese adults and related factors / 中华预防医学杂志

Objective: To understand the core knowledge level and influencing factors of chronic disease prevention and control in Adults in China, and to provide a scientific basis for formulating chronic disease prevention and control measures. Methods: In this study, cross-sectional survey and quota sampling were used to recruit 173 819 permanent residents aged 18 and above from 302 counties of adult chronic diseases and nutrition surveillance in China to conduct an online questionnaire survey, including basic information and core knowledge of chronic diseases. The scores of the core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control were described by median and interquartile range, the Wilcoxon rank sum test or the Kruskal Wallis test was used for the inter-group comparison, and the correlation factors of the total score were analyzed by the multilinear regression model. Results: A total of 172 808 participants were surveyed in 302 counties and districts, of which 42.60%(73 623) were male and 57.40%(99 185) were female; The proportion of respondents aged 18-44, 45-59, and 60 years old and above was 54.74% (94 594), 30.91% (53 423) and 14.35% (24 791), respectively. The total score of the core knowledge of chronic prevention and control in the total population was 66(13), and the scores of different characteristic groups were different, and the differences were statistically significant: the eastern region had the highest score at 67(11) (H=840.66, P<0.01), the urban 66(12) was higher than the rural 65(14) (Z=-31.35, P<0.01), and the male 66(14) was lower than female 66(12) (Z=-11.66, P<0.01), 18-24 years old 64(13) was lower than other age groups(H=115.80, P<0.01), and undergraduate degree and above had the highest score compared to other academic qualifications, with 68(9) points(H=2 547.25, P<0.01). Multivariate analysis showed that eastern (t=27.42, P<0.01), central (t=17.33, P<0.01), urban (t=5.69, P<0.01), female (t=17.81, P<0.01), high age (t=46.04, P<0.01) and high education (t=57.77, P<0.01) had higher scores of core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control than other groups, the scores of core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control of professional and technical personnel (t=8.63, P<0.01), state enterprises and institutions (t=38.67, P<0.01), agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water conservancy production (t=5.30, P<0.01), production, transportation and commercial personnel (t=24.87, P<0.01), and other workers (t=8.89, P<0.01) were higher than those of non-employed people. Conclusion: There are differences in the total scores of the core knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control in different characteristics of people in China, and in the future, health education on the prevention and treatment of chronic diseases should be strengthened for specific groups to improve the knowledge level of residents.

Deep neck space infections: a retrospective cohort study of surgical risk factors / 中华耳鼻咽喉头颈外科杂志

Objective: To explore risk factors affecting treatment for deep neck space infections (DNSIs) so as to provide guidance for appropriate early managements. Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted on inpatients with DNSIs admitted to the Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from March 2013 to February 2021. Patients were divided into surgical and non-surgical groups based on whether they had surgery or not. Information collected included demographic data, disease-related signs and symptoms, treatment history, systemic comorbidities, imaging data and laboratory indicators. Hypothesis testing, univariate Logistic regression and multivariate Logistic regression were used for data processing. Resuts A total of 61 patients were included, including 37 males and 24 females, aged 6-96 years. There were 35 cases (57.4%) in the surgical group and 26 cases (42.6%) in the non-surgical group. Multivariate analysis showed that risk factors for surgery as followings: neck dyskinesia (OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.00-0.24), dysphagia (OR=0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.72), serum white blood cell count≥16.74×109/L (OR=1.18, 95%CI: 1.01-1.39) and interspace gas (OR=0.03, 95%CI: 0.00-0.30). Conclusion: Clinicians should be alert to these risk factors for surgery in the course of treatment and timely surgical treatment for patients who meet the conditions.

LOX-1 Regulation in Anti-atherosclerosis of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicine: Current Knowledge and the New Insight / 中国结合医学杂志

Lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (LOX-1) have recently been identified to be closely related to the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis (AS). A growing body of evidence has suggested Chinese medicine takes unique advantages in preventing and treating AS. In this review, the related research progress of AS and LOX-1 has been summarized. And the anti-AS effects of 10 active components of herbal medicine through LOX-1 regulation have been further reviewed. As a potential biomarker and target for intervention in AS, LOX-1 targeted therapy might provide a promising and novel approach to atherosclerotic prevention and treatment.

Hepatitis B virus X protein promotes podocyte pyroptosis in hepatitis B virus-associated glomerulonephritis by down-regulating microRNA -223 targeting NLRP3 inflammasome / 中华肝脏病杂志

Objective: To investigate the potential function and related mechanism of microRNA-223 (miRNA-223) in the podocyte pyroptosis of hepatitis B virus (HBV)-associated glomerulonephritis induced by HBV X protein (HBx). Methods: HBx-overexpressing lentivirus was transfected into human renal podocytes to mimic the pathogenesis of HBV-GN. Real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blotting experiments were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression of pyroptosis-related proteins [nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), apoptosis-associated speck-like protein containing a CARD (ASC) and caspase-1], and inflammatory factors (interleukin-1β and interleukin-18), respectively.TUNEL staining and flow cytometry were used to detect the number of pyroptosis cells. Immunofluorescence staining was used to detect the expression of podocytes biomarkers desmin and nephrin; Hoechst 33342 staining was used to observe the morphological and quantitative changes of podocyte nuclei. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was used to measure caspase-1 activity. The dual luciferase reporter gene assay was used to verify the downstream target of miRNA-223. Podocytes were divided into the following nine groups: control group (no special treatment), empty plasmid group (transfected with empty plasmid), HBx overexpression group (transfected with HBx overexpression lentivirus), HBx overexpression+miRNA-223 mimic group (transfected with HBx overexpression lentivirus and miRNA-223 mimic), HBx overexpression+miRNA-223 inhibitor group (transfected with HBx overexpression lentivirus and miRNA-223 inhibitor), HBx overexpression+miRNA-223 mimic+NLRP3 group (transfected with HBx overexpression lentivirus, miRNA-223 mimic and NLRP3 overexpression plasmid), HBx overexpression+miRNA-223 mimic+ NLRP3 siRNA group (transfected with HBx overexpression lentivirus, miRNA-223 mimic and NLRP3 siRNA), HBx overexpression+miRNA-223 inhibitor+NLRP3 group (transfected with HBx overexpression lentivirus, miRNA-223 inhibitor and NLRP3 overexpression plasmid), HBx overexpression+miRNA-223 inhibitor+NLRP3 siRNA group (transfected with HBx overexpression lentivirus, miRNA-223 inhibitor and NLRP3 siRNA). Results: miRNA-223 was down-regulated in HBx overexpression group compared with the control group (P < 0.05). TUNEL and immunofluorescence staining showed that NLRP3 knockdown attenuated podocyte injury and pyroptosis induced by HBx overexpression (P < 0.05). Dual luciferase reporter gene assay demonstrated that NLRP3 was one of the downstream targets of miRNA-223. Rescue experiments revealed that NLRP3 overexpression weakened the protective effect of miRNA-223 in podocyte injury (P < 0.05). The addition of miRNA-223 mimic and NLRP3 siRNA decreased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokines, and reduced the number of pyroptosis cells induced by HBx overexpression (all P < 0.05); The addition of miRNA-223 inhibitor and NLRP3 overexpression plasmid significantly increased the expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and cytokines, caspase-1 activity, and the number of pyroptosis cells (all P < 0.05). Conclusion: HBx may promote podocyte pyroptosis of HBV-GN via downregulating miRNA-223 targeting NLRP3 inflammasome, suggesting that miRNA-223 is expected to be a potential target for the treatment of HBV-GN.

Two new prenylated 2-arylbenzofurans from roots of Artocarpus heterophyllus and their anti-respiratory burst activities / 中国中药杂志

Two prenylated 2-arylbenzofurans were isolated from roots of Artocarpus heterophyllus, with a combination of various chromatographic approaches, including ODS, MCI, Sephadex LH-20, and semipreparative high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). They were identified as 5-[6-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5,7-bis(3-methylbut-2-enyl)benzofuran-2-yl]-1,3-benzenediol(1) and 5-[2H,9H-2,2,9,9-tetramethyl-furo[2,3-f]pyrano[2,3-h][1]benzopyran-6-yl]-1,3-benzenediol(2) with spectroscopic methods, such as HR-ESI-MS, IR, 1D NMR, and 2D NMR, and named artoheterins B(1) and C(2), respectively. The anti-respiratory burst activities of the two compounds were evaluated with rat polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMNs) stimulated by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate(PMA). The results showed that 1 and 2 exhibited significant inhibitory effect on respiratory burst of PMNs with IC_(50) values of 0.27 and 1.53 μmol·L~(-1), respectively.

Standard Process for Palliative Sedation in Peking Union Medical College Hospital / 中国医学科学院学报

End-stage patients experience unbearable pain because of refractory symptoms.Palliative sedation is a form of palliative care which relieves patients' agony by lowering their consciousness.Standard palliative sedation can help patients die with dignity.It is distinct from euthanasia and does not alter the survival of patients.Sufficient palliative care is the premise of palliative sedation.Repeated and detailed clinical evaluation,as well as multidisciplinary involvement,is necessary for the standardized implementation of palliative sedation.Here,we proposed the standard process and specifications of palliative sedation in Peking Union Medical College Hospital.Furthermore,we reported a case of palliative sedation for an advanced cancer patient with refractory delirium and living pain to demonstrate its application in clinical practice.

lncRNA AC005224.4/miR-140-3p/SNAI2 regulating axis facilitates the invasion and metastasis of ovarian cancer through epithelial-mesenchymal transition / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Ovarian cancer is one of the most widespread malignant diseases of the female reproductive system worldwide. The plurality of ovarian cancer is diagnosed with metastasis in the abdominal cavity. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) exerts a vital role in tumor cell metastasis. However, it remains unclear whether long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) are implicated in EMT and influence ovarian cancer cell invasion and metastasis. This study was designed to investigate the impacts of lncRNA AC005224.4 on ovarian cancer.@*METHODS@#LncRNA AC005224.4, miR-140-3p, and snail family transcriptional repressor 2 ( SNAI2 ) expression levels in ovarian cancer and normal ovarian tissues were determined using real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) and Transwell (migration and invasion) assays were conducted to measure SKOV3 and CAOV-3 cell proliferation and metastasis. E-cadherin, N-cadherin, Snail, and Vimentin contents were detected using Western blot. Nude mouse xenograft assay was utilized to validate AC005224.4 effects in vivo . Dual-luciferase reporter gene assay confirmed the targeted relationship between miR-140-3p and AC005224.4 or SNAI2 .@*RESULTS@#AC005224.4 and SNAI2 upregulation and miR-140-3p downregulation were observed in ovarian cancer tissues and cells. Silencing of AC005224.4 observably moderated SKOV3 and CAOV-3 cell proliferation, migration, invasion, and EMT process in vitro and impaired the tumorigenesis in vivo . miR-140-3p was a target of AC005224.4 and its reduced expression level was mediated by AC005224.4. miR-140-3p mimics decreased the proliferation, migration, and invasion of ovarian cancer cells. SNAI2 was identified as a novel target of miR-140-3p and its expression level was promoted by either AC005224.4 overexpression or miR-140-3p knockdown. Overexpression of SNAI2 also facilitated ovarian cancer cell viability and metastasis.@*CONCLUSION@#AC005224.4 was confirmed as an oncogene via sponging miR-140-3p and promoted SNAI2 expression, contributing to better understanding of ovarian cancer pathogenesis and shedding light on exploiting the novel lncRNA-directed therapy against ovarian cancer.

Epidemiological characteristics of measles in Yichang from 2009-2021 / 公共卫生与预防医学

Objective To investigate the epidemic situation of measles in Yichang from 2009 to 2021, and to provide scientific evidence for the control and elimination of measles. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the case data of measles cases reported by the notifiable infectious disease reporting system and measles surveillance system in Yichang from 2009 to 2021. Results A total of 364 cases of confirmed measles were reported in Yichang from 2009 to 2021, with an average annual incidence rate of 0.68/100 000. During these years, the incidence rates fluctuated from 0.5 to 28.87/100 000. The epidemic peak of measles was from January to July. Most cases were concentrated in five regions including Xiling, Wujiagang, Yiling, Dangyang and Yidu, accounting for 66.48% of all cases. More male cases were reported. The age of these patients ranged from < 1 month to 68 years, in which a great majority were infants (32.14%) and adults between 20 and 49 years old (48.08%). The five most common occupations of measles patients were scattered children, farmers, housekeeping or unemployed, workers and students, with the scattered children being the highest proportion accounting for 42.58%. There were 72 cases (19.78%) with the history of measles vaccine immunization, 113 cases (31.04%) without the immunization history, and 179 cases (49.18%) with unknown immunization history. Conclusion Incidence rates of measles in Yichang remains at a low level from 2009 to 2021. Young age groups and adults are the key groups for measles prevention and control. Strategies and measures such as immune strengthening for key areas and key populations will help improve the effect of measles prevention and control.

Effects of paternal age on pregnancy outcomes in frozen-thaw embryo transfer cycles / 现代泌尿外科杂志

【Objective】 To observe the effects of paternal age on the pregnancy outcomes in frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycles. 【Methods】 The clinical data of two groups after propensity score matching (PSM) were retrospectively analyzed, including 738 cycles in the 0.05). The clinical pregnancy rate (52.2%vs. 67.2%) and live birth rate (41.1% vs. 57.2%) decreased in the 40-60 year group compared with those in the 0.05). 【Conclusion】 Advanced paternal age decreases clinical pregnancy rate and live birth rate.

Methyl rosmarinate induces cell apoptosis in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells via inhibiting the Akt/mTOR signaling pathways / 西安交通大学学报(医学版)

【Objective】 To investigate the cell death-inducing effect of methyl rosmarinate (MR) on human hepatoma Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells and their potential mechanisms. 【Methods】 The effects of MR on the viability of Hep-3B, SK-Hep1 and MIHA cells were determined by cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay. The morphological changes of three kinds of cells treated with different concentrations of MR were observed by optical microscopy. EdU assay and flow cytometry were used to detect the proliferation and apoptosis of Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells. Transwell assay was used to study the effects of MR on the migration and invasion of Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells. Western blotting was used to evaluate the protein expression levels of apoptosis, EMT and Akt/mTOR signaling pathways. 【Results】 After treated with different concentrations of MR (0~200 μmol/L) for 48 h, Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells activities were significantly decreased in a concentration-dependent manner (P<0.01), while there was no significant effect on MIHA cell activity (P>0.05), and the IC50 of Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells were 102.5 and 99.3 μmol/L, respectively. MR treatment (0-150 μmol/L) significantly inhibited the proliferation of Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells (P<0.05), while cell detachment and shrinkage were observed by optical microscopy on the Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells, while the morphology of MIHA cells was not changed. Compared with the control group, MR (100, 150 μmol/L) induced apoptosis in Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells, the expression levels of the pro-apoptotic proteins Bax and cleaved PARP were significantly increased (P<0.05), while the expression level of the anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05). MR (100, 150 μmol/L) also inhibited the migration and invasion of HCC cells, significantly increased the expression of E-cadherin and decreased the expression of N-cadherin and Vimentin compared with the control group (P<0.05). Finally, Western blotting results showed that the expressions of p-Akt and p-mTOR in Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 treated by MR were significantly reduced in a dose-dependent manner, suggesting that MR may play an anti-cancer role by inhibiting Akt/mTOR signaling pathway. 【Conclusion】 MR can promote apoptosis in Hep-3B and SK-Hep1 cells, which may be closely related to the inhibition of Akt/mTOR signaling pathway.